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Opening science : the evolving guide on how the internet is changing research, collaboration and scholarly publishing (electronic book) / Sönke Bartling, Sascha Friesike, editors

Contributor(s): Publisher: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2014Copyright date: ©2014Description: 1 online resource (325 pages)ISBN:
  • 9783319000268 (ebk.)
Subject(s): DDC classification:
  • 502.854678/OPE
Online resources:
Contents:
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part IBasics/Background -- 1 Towards Another Scientific Revolution -- Abstract -- Knowledge Creation and Dissemination: A Brief History -- Professionalization of Knowledge Creation: The First Scientific Revolution -- Legacy Gap: The Background of the Second Scientific Revolution -- The Second Scientific Revolution -- Naming the New: Science 2.0, Open Science, eScience, Mode2, Open Research -- The Second Scientific Revolution: Road to a Great New Future? -- The Second Scientific Revolution is Based on Many Novel Aspects and Tools -- How This Book Works: Artificially Dissecting the Second Scientific Revolution -- Open Access -- References -- 2 Open Science: One Term, Five Schools of Thought -- Abstract -- Public School: The Obligation to Make Science Accessible to the Public -- Accessibility to the Research Process: Can Anyone be a Scientist? -- Comprehensibility of the Research Result: Making Science Understandable -- Democratic School: Making Research Products Available -- Open Data -- Open Access to Research Publication -- Pragmatic School: Making Research More Efficient -- Infrastructure School: Architecture Matters Most -- Distributed Computing -- Social and Collaboration Networks -- Measurement School: Finding Alternative Measurements for Scientific Output -- Discussion -- Open Access -- References -- 3 Excellence by Nonsense: The Competition for Publications in Modern Science -- Abstract -- In Search of Excellence -- The Competition for Publications in Academic Journals: The Peer-Review Process -- The Competition for Top-Rankings by Maximising Publications and Citations -- Side Effects of the Production of Nonsense in Science: 'Crowding-Out' Effects and New Bureaucracy -- The Emergence of a New Research Bureaucracy -- Open Access -- References.
4 Science Caught Flat-Footed: How Academia Struggles with Open Science Communication -- Abstract -- Communication about Science -- Communication by Scientists and the Institutionalised PR -- Outlook -- Open Access -- References -- 5 Open Science and the Three Cultures: Expanding Open Science to all Domains of Knowledge Creation -- Abstract -- Open Access -- References -- Part IITools -- 6 (Micro)Blogging Science? Notes on Potentials and Constraints of New Forms of Scholarly Communication -- Abstract -- Framing the Issue: New Forms of Scholarly Communication and Science 2.0 -- Science Blogging as a New Form of Engaging with Science -- Case 1: Rosie Redfield (RRResearch) -- Case 2: Bora Zivkovic (A Blog Around the Clock) -- The Uses of Microblogs for Science: Two Scenarios -- Case 1: Twitter at Conferences -- Case 2: Twitter for Citations -- Who Uses Blogs and Microblogs for Scholarly Communication, and Why? -- Conclusion -- Open Access -- References -- 7 Academia Goes Facebook? The Potential of Social Network Sites in the Scholarly Realm -- Abstract -- Introduction -- An Overview of Functions, Potential, and Usage Practices -- Typical Functions of SNS -- Potentials of SNS for Science and Research -- Academic Usage Practices in SNS -- The Diffusion of SNS in Academia and the Intensity of Usage -- Academic Usage Practices in Science-Specific SNS -- Assessing the Potential Future and Impacts of SNS in Academia -- The Hard Way to the Critical Mass -- The Hyper-Critical Mass: Too Big to Fail? -- Multiple Channels, Information Overload and Filtering -- Social Issues -- Conclusions -- Open Access -- References -- 8 Reference Management -- Abstract -- Introduction -- What is a Reference Manager? -- Getting References into the Reference Manager -- Bibliographic Databases -- COinS: Hassle-Free Import of Bibliographic Data.
Digital Object Identifiers and Other Unique Identifiers -- Standardized Bibliographic Data Formats: BibTeX and RIS -- Citation Styles and Citation Style Language -- Managing Full-Text Content -- Reference Management Tools -- EndNote -- Mendeley -- Zotero -- RefWorks -- Papers -- JabRef -- CiteULike -- Other Reference Management Products -- Outlook -- Open Access -- References -- 9 Open Access: A State of the Art -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Definition of Open Access -- State of the Art -- A Closer Look at Green and Gold Open Access -- Green or Gold: Which is the Better Way? -- New Models -- Books and Grey Literature -- Impact of Open Access on Publishing -- Benefits -- Open Access -- 10 Novel Scholarly Journal Concepts -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Novelty in the Business Model -- Novelty in the Editorial Model -- Novelty in the Peer Review Model -- The Disaggregation of the Journal Model -- Conclusion -- Open Access -- 11 The Public Knowledge Project: Open Source Tools for Open Access to Scholarly Communication -- Abstract -- Introduction -- History of the Project -- The PKP Systems -- The PKP Program -- Conclusion -- Open Access -- References -- Part IIIVision -- 12 Altmetrics and Other Novel Measures for Scientific Impact -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Terminology -- History -- Scholarly Research -- Use Cases -- Metrics as a Discovery Tool -- Data-Driven Stories About The Post-Publication Reception of Research -- Business Intelligence for a Journal, University or Funder -- Altmetrics as an Evaluation Tool -- Example Metrics and Providers -- Mendeley -- CiteULike -- Twitter -- Facebook -- Wikipedia -- Science Blogs -- Altmetrics Service Providers -- Challenges and Criticism -- Open Access -- References -- 13 Dynamic Publication Formats and Collaborative Authoring -- Abstract -- Introduction.
Historic Dynamic Publishing Using Printed Journals and Books: Revising Editions or Publishing Novel Books and Articles -- Preprint, Postprint and (Open) Peer Review -- Follow-Ups and Retractions -- Current Aspects of the Publication System in Regard to the Dynamic Knowledge Creation Process -- The Production Process is not Visible to the Reader -- The Contribution of Individual Authors is not Visible -- Finalized Versions do not Allow Changes, Thus Making Corrections and Additions Nearly Impossible -- Redundancy in Scientific Publications---Currently no Reuse and Remixing -- Legal Hurdles to Make Remixing and Reuse Difficult -- Technical Hurdles in Reusing Content---''Publisher PDF'' Files are Mimicking Print -- Dynamic Publication Format---General Concept -- Dynamic Publication---Challenges -- Aspects of Dynamic Publication Formats -- Dynamic -- Authorship -- Openness -- Tranclusion, Pull-Requests, and Forking---Lifecycle and History -- Publication Formats -- Content and Quality Control -- Cultural Background -- Current Implementation of Dynamic Publications -- Journal Articles and Books -- Blogs -- Wikis -- Stack Exchange---Message Boards Where Threads are Initiated by Posting Open Questions -- SNS for Scientists -- Open Access -- References -- 14 Open Research Data: From Vision to Practice -- Abstract -- The Vision of Open Research Data -- The Status of Data Sharing Today -- Understanding the Barriers -- Overcoming the Barriers -- Translating Vision into Practice -- Open Access -- References -- 15 Intellectual Property and Computational Science -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Research Dissemination: The Narrative -- Research Dissemination: Data and ''Raw Facts'' -- Research Dissemination: Methods/Code/Tools -- Conclusion -- Open Access -- References -- 16 Research Funding in Open Science -- Abstract.
Research Funding Policies: Pushing forward Open Science -- Research Funding at Present: Limitations and Closed Discourses -- Open Research Funding -- Open Research Funding: Some Considerations -- Crowdfunding -- Social Payments in Science -- Virtual Currencies in Science -- Some Critical Reflections -- Quality Assurance and Sustainability -- Plagiarism -- Pop Science, Self-Marketing, and Verifiability -- What About Openness? -- Appendix: A List of Crowdfunding Platforms for Scientific Projects -- Open Access -- References -- 17 Open Innovation and Crowdsourcing in the Sciences -- Abstract -- What is Open Innovation and What is Crowdsourcing? -- How Scientists Employ Crowdsourcing -- Perspective 1: Contributing to a Crowdsourcing Process (Open Science) -- Perspective 2: Obtaining Support for One's Own Science (Citizen Science) -- Innocentive (www.innocentive.com) -- Forms of Challenges and Competitions -- Registration, Profile and CV -- Innoget (www.innoget.com) -- SolutionXchange (www.solutionxchange.com) -- One Billion Minds (www.onebillionminds.com) -- Presans (www.presans.com) -- Inpama (www.inpama.com) -- Marblar (www.marblar.com) -- A Landscape of Today's Platforms: Summary -- Risks in Crowdsourcing Science -- Outlook: What the Future Might Bring -- Open Access -- References -- 18 The Social Factor of Open Science -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Transition from Science to Open Science -- The Importance of Network Science for Research Relevance -- Aspects of the Social Web in Open Science -- The Basic Principles of Search Engines: Relevance and Reputation -- Identification of the Protagonists -- Ascertaining a Quality Factor from Likes, Dislikes, Assessments and Comments -- Crowd Editing -- Suggestion Systems for Articles During the Writing Process -- Example of Academic Writing -- Parallels to Search Engines.
Similar Problems to Those of Search Engines.
Summary: Here is an overview of current Web 2.0 opportunities, and an outlook for coming developments, showing use of cooperative internet tools for scientific purposes and innovations like Dynamic Publications, which dramatically impact scientific work and processes.
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E-Book Main Library Online Electronic Resource 502.854678/OPE (Browse shelf(Opens below)) 1 Online
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Open Access title.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part IBasics/Background -- 1 Towards Another Scientific Revolution -- Abstract -- Knowledge Creation and Dissemination: A Brief History -- Professionalization of Knowledge Creation: The First Scientific Revolution -- Legacy Gap: The Background of the Second Scientific Revolution -- The Second Scientific Revolution -- Naming the New: Science 2.0, Open Science, eScience, Mode2, Open Research -- The Second Scientific Revolution: Road to a Great New Future? -- The Second Scientific Revolution is Based on Many Novel Aspects and Tools -- How This Book Works: Artificially Dissecting the Second Scientific Revolution -- Open Access -- References -- 2 Open Science: One Term, Five Schools of Thought -- Abstract -- Public School: The Obligation to Make Science Accessible to the Public -- Accessibility to the Research Process: Can Anyone be a Scientist? -- Comprehensibility of the Research Result: Making Science Understandable -- Democratic School: Making Research Products Available -- Open Data -- Open Access to Research Publication -- Pragmatic School: Making Research More Efficient -- Infrastructure School: Architecture Matters Most -- Distributed Computing -- Social and Collaboration Networks -- Measurement School: Finding Alternative Measurements for Scientific Output -- Discussion -- Open Access -- References -- 3 Excellence by Nonsense: The Competition for Publications in Modern Science -- Abstract -- In Search of Excellence -- The Competition for Publications in Academic Journals: The Peer-Review Process -- The Competition for Top-Rankings by Maximising Publications and Citations -- Side Effects of the Production of Nonsense in Science: 'Crowding-Out' Effects and New Bureaucracy -- The Emergence of a New Research Bureaucracy -- Open Access -- References.

4 Science Caught Flat-Footed: How Academia Struggles with Open Science Communication -- Abstract -- Communication about Science -- Communication by Scientists and the Institutionalised PR -- Outlook -- Open Access -- References -- 5 Open Science and the Three Cultures: Expanding Open Science to all Domains of Knowledge Creation -- Abstract -- Open Access -- References -- Part IITools -- 6 (Micro)Blogging Science? Notes on Potentials and Constraints of New Forms of Scholarly Communication -- Abstract -- Framing the Issue: New Forms of Scholarly Communication and Science 2.0 -- Science Blogging as a New Form of Engaging with Science -- Case 1: Rosie Redfield (RRResearch) -- Case 2: Bora Zivkovic (A Blog Around the Clock) -- The Uses of Microblogs for Science: Two Scenarios -- Case 1: Twitter at Conferences -- Case 2: Twitter for Citations -- Who Uses Blogs and Microblogs for Scholarly Communication, and Why? -- Conclusion -- Open Access -- References -- 7 Academia Goes Facebook? The Potential of Social Network Sites in the Scholarly Realm -- Abstract -- Introduction -- An Overview of Functions, Potential, and Usage Practices -- Typical Functions of SNS -- Potentials of SNS for Science and Research -- Academic Usage Practices in SNS -- The Diffusion of SNS in Academia and the Intensity of Usage -- Academic Usage Practices in Science-Specific SNS -- Assessing the Potential Future and Impacts of SNS in Academia -- The Hard Way to the Critical Mass -- The Hyper-Critical Mass: Too Big to Fail? -- Multiple Channels, Information Overload and Filtering -- Social Issues -- Conclusions -- Open Access -- References -- 8 Reference Management -- Abstract -- Introduction -- What is a Reference Manager? -- Getting References into the Reference Manager -- Bibliographic Databases -- COinS: Hassle-Free Import of Bibliographic Data.

Digital Object Identifiers and Other Unique Identifiers -- Standardized Bibliographic Data Formats: BibTeX and RIS -- Citation Styles and Citation Style Language -- Managing Full-Text Content -- Reference Management Tools -- EndNote -- Mendeley -- Zotero -- RefWorks -- Papers -- JabRef -- CiteULike -- Other Reference Management Products -- Outlook -- Open Access -- References -- 9 Open Access: A State of the Art -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Definition of Open Access -- State of the Art -- A Closer Look at Green and Gold Open Access -- Green or Gold: Which is the Better Way? -- New Models -- Books and Grey Literature -- Impact of Open Access on Publishing -- Benefits -- Open Access -- 10 Novel Scholarly Journal Concepts -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Novelty in the Business Model -- Novelty in the Editorial Model -- Novelty in the Peer Review Model -- The Disaggregation of the Journal Model -- Conclusion -- Open Access -- 11 The Public Knowledge Project: Open Source Tools for Open Access to Scholarly Communication -- Abstract -- Introduction -- History of the Project -- The PKP Systems -- The PKP Program -- Conclusion -- Open Access -- References -- Part IIIVision -- 12 Altmetrics and Other Novel Measures for Scientific Impact -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Terminology -- History -- Scholarly Research -- Use Cases -- Metrics as a Discovery Tool -- Data-Driven Stories About The Post-Publication Reception of Research -- Business Intelligence for a Journal, University or Funder -- Altmetrics as an Evaluation Tool -- Example Metrics and Providers -- Mendeley -- CiteULike -- Twitter -- Facebook -- Wikipedia -- Science Blogs -- Altmetrics Service Providers -- Challenges and Criticism -- Open Access -- References -- 13 Dynamic Publication Formats and Collaborative Authoring -- Abstract -- Introduction.

Historic Dynamic Publishing Using Printed Journals and Books: Revising Editions or Publishing Novel Books and Articles -- Preprint, Postprint and (Open) Peer Review -- Follow-Ups and Retractions -- Current Aspects of the Publication System in Regard to the Dynamic Knowledge Creation Process -- The Production Process is not Visible to the Reader -- The Contribution of Individual Authors is not Visible -- Finalized Versions do not Allow Changes, Thus Making Corrections and Additions Nearly Impossible -- Redundancy in Scientific Publications---Currently no Reuse and Remixing -- Legal Hurdles to Make Remixing and Reuse Difficult -- Technical Hurdles in Reusing Content---''Publisher PDF'' Files are Mimicking Print -- Dynamic Publication Format---General Concept -- Dynamic Publication---Challenges -- Aspects of Dynamic Publication Formats -- Dynamic -- Authorship -- Openness -- Tranclusion, Pull-Requests, and Forking---Lifecycle and History -- Publication Formats -- Content and Quality Control -- Cultural Background -- Current Implementation of Dynamic Publications -- Journal Articles and Books -- Blogs -- Wikis -- Stack Exchange---Message Boards Where Threads are Initiated by Posting Open Questions -- SNS for Scientists -- Open Access -- References -- 14 Open Research Data: From Vision to Practice -- Abstract -- The Vision of Open Research Data -- The Status of Data Sharing Today -- Understanding the Barriers -- Overcoming the Barriers -- Translating Vision into Practice -- Open Access -- References -- 15 Intellectual Property and Computational Science -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Research Dissemination: The Narrative -- Research Dissemination: Data and ''Raw Facts'' -- Research Dissemination: Methods/Code/Tools -- Conclusion -- Open Access -- References -- 16 Research Funding in Open Science -- Abstract.

Research Funding Policies: Pushing forward Open Science -- Research Funding at Present: Limitations and Closed Discourses -- Open Research Funding -- Open Research Funding: Some Considerations -- Crowdfunding -- Social Payments in Science -- Virtual Currencies in Science -- Some Critical Reflections -- Quality Assurance and Sustainability -- Plagiarism -- Pop Science, Self-Marketing, and Verifiability -- What About Openness? -- Appendix: A List of Crowdfunding Platforms for Scientific Projects -- Open Access -- References -- 17 Open Innovation and Crowdsourcing in the Sciences -- Abstract -- What is Open Innovation and What is Crowdsourcing? -- How Scientists Employ Crowdsourcing -- Perspective 1: Contributing to a Crowdsourcing Process (Open Science) -- Perspective 2: Obtaining Support for One's Own Science (Citizen Science) -- Innocentive (www.innocentive.com) -- Forms of Challenges and Competitions -- Registration, Profile and CV -- Innoget (www.innoget.com) -- SolutionXchange (www.solutionxchange.com) -- One Billion Minds (www.onebillionminds.com) -- Presans (www.presans.com) -- Inpama (www.inpama.com) -- Marblar (www.marblar.com) -- A Landscape of Today's Platforms: Summary -- Risks in Crowdsourcing Science -- Outlook: What the Future Might Bring -- Open Access -- References -- 18 The Social Factor of Open Science -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Transition from Science to Open Science -- The Importance of Network Science for Research Relevance -- Aspects of the Social Web in Open Science -- The Basic Principles of Search Engines: Relevance and Reputation -- Identification of the Protagonists -- Ascertaining a Quality Factor from Likes, Dislikes, Assessments and Comments -- Crowd Editing -- Suggestion Systems for Articles During the Writing Process -- Example of Academic Writing -- Parallels to Search Engines.

Similar Problems to Those of Search Engines.

Here is an overview of current Web 2.0 opportunities, and an outlook for coming developments, showing use of cooperative internet tools for scientific purposes and innovations like Dynamic Publications, which dramatically impact scientific work and processes.